The next time you grab a power tool and get ready to plug it in at your shop, on location or at a restroom placement, take a moment to make sure you’re using the proper extension cord to access the juice needed to get the job done. Choosing the right extension cord could prevent a costly electrical fire or dangerous shock risk.
Power extension cords are not created equal, but rather are manufactured for use in specific applications and environments, and to carry varying amounts of electrical current. Just because the cord looks heavy-duty and the three prongs on one end match the three prongs on your tool, it doesn’t mean you’re good to go.
By basing the extension cord choice on each task’s specific requirements, you can greatly reduce the risks of fire, electrical shock, and injury that come with improper use.
Here are some helpful extension cord safety tips:
Classifications: Extension cords are classified for either indoor or outdoor use. Outdoor-rated extension cords are designed to withstand temperature changes, moisture, UV rays, and (sometimes) chemicals. While it’s fine to use an outdoor power cord indoors, never use an indoor-rated extension cord for an outside job … doing so could cause electric shock or create a fire hazard.
Wattage Rating: The number of watts an extension cord can safely transmit (given its length and gauge) is known as a wattage rating. Before plugging a power tool into an extension cord, it’s critical to be sure that the power demand (or pull) of that device doesn’t exceed the cord’s wattage rating.
Powering Multiple Devices: If you plan to plug more than one device into an extension cord, calculate their combined energy requirements and make sure that the total isn’t higher than the wattage rating for that cord. Never use an extension cord to supply more wattage than it’s rated for, since overheating and fire may occur.
Gauge and Distance: Any electrical cord, extension or otherwise, contains an inner metal conducting wire that carries electrical current from one end to the other. The thickness of this conductor is referred to as its gauge. Gauge is indicated by a number: the lower the number, the thicker the wire. A wire’s thickness directly affects the amount of current (or wattage) it can carry over a certain distance.
Power Requirements: It’s important to know how much electricity is required to run a given device before you plug in. For the most part, you won’t need to do more than consult the manufacturer’s instructions. Another good place to look for wattage specs is on the tag often attached to a device’s power cord. And if all else fails, a quick call to the product’s manufacturer should clear up any questions.
Amps/Volts vs. Watts: In some cases, you may find power requirements listed in amps and volts instead of watts. For these situations, there’s a simple formula that can help you calculate electricity requirements: Just multiply the number of amps by the number of volts – the resulting number equals that appliance’s wattage. Here’s an example: If a device uses 5 amps at 110 volts, that translates into 550 watts (5 x 110 = 550).
UL Approval: When shopping for extension cords, only purchase those that bear the UL symbol. The presence of the UL mark tells you that samples of that particular type of cord have been tested by Underwriters Laboratories and received consumer safety approval.
Examine for damaged insulation: Don’t use extension cords with cut or damaged insulation … exposed conducting wires can put you at risk for fire, burns and electrical shock.
Alterations: Do not cut, file, or otherwise alter an extension cord’s grounding pin or plug blades to make it easier to plug into an outlet. If the extension cord plug doesn’t fit into an older outlet, have an electrician replace the receptacle.
Unplugging: Regardless of whether or not it’s being used, as long as an extension cord is plugged into an outlet, it’s conducting electricity. To avoid potential safety hazards, always remember to unplug extension cords when they’re not in use.
Storage: Extended exposure to outdoor conditions can cause cords to deteriorate, so whether they’re rated for indoors or outdoors, store all extension cords inside when they’re not in use.
Christina Hansen is a product specialist for CableOrganizer.com. She may be reached through the company’s website at http://CableOrganizer.com.
